Dynamic Host configuration protocol(DHCP) is a network protocol that enables a server to automatically assign an ip address to a computer from a defined range of numbers.
HOW DHCP assigns IP addresses
DHCP assigns IP address when a system is started, for example
* A user turns on a computer with a DHCP client.
* The client computer sends a broadcast request, looking for a DHCP server to answer.
* The router directs the DISCOVER packet to the correct DHCP server.
* The server receives the DISCOVER packet. Based on availability and usage policies set on the server, the server determines an appropriate address to give the client.
* The client send a REQUEST packet, letting the server know that it intends to use the address.
* The server send an ACK packet, confirming that the client has given a lease on the address for a server-specifies period of time.
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